A 4 × 4 Array of Complementary Split-Ring Resonators for Label-Free Dielectric Spectroscopy

In this study, complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial structures are proposed for label-free dielectric spectroscopy of liquids in microplates. This novel combination an array sensors and microplates is readily scalable thus offers a great potential non-invasive, rapid, large microplate arrays. The on printed circuit board consists microstrip line coupled to four CSRRs cascade with resonant frequencies ranging from 7 10 GHz, spaced around 1 GHz. microwells were manufactured bonded the CSRR using polydimethylsiloxane, whose frequency dependent complex relative permittivity liquid loaded microwell. individual lines interconnected measurement equipment two electronically controllable microwave switches, which enables measurements 4 × only two-port system. microwell sensor arrays calibrated evaluated water-ethanol mixtures different ethanol concentrations. setup comparable results ones obtained probe, confirming planar large-scale experiments.